In 1855, Brown moved to Kansas, where five of his sons had relocated as well. Then, in 1849, Brown moved and settled in the Black community of North Elba, New York, which was created on land provided by philanthropist Gerrit Smith. Brown also took part in the Underground Railroad, gave land to free African Americans and eventually established the League of Gileadites, a group formed with the intention of protecting Black citizens from slave hunters.īrown met with renowned orator and abolitionist Frederick Douglass in 1847 in Springfield, Massachusetts. Ardent Abolitionistīrown worked in a number of vocations and moved around quite a bit from the 1820s to the 1850s, experiencing great financial difficulties. He remarried in 1833, and he and wife Mary Ann Day would have many more children. Brown wed Dianthe Lusk in 1820, and the couple had several children before her death in the early 1830s. Though the younger Brown initially studied to work in the ministry, he instead decided to take up his father's trade. As a 12-year-old boy traveling through Michigan, Brown witnessed an enslaved African American boy being beaten, which haunted him for years to come and informed his own abolitionism. Owen, who was a Calvinist and worked as a tanner, ardently believed that slavery was wrong. John Brown was born on May 9, 1800, in Torrington, Connecticut, to Ruth Mills and Owen Brown. Brown went to trial and was executed on December 2, 1859. He believed in using violent means to end slavery and, with the intent of inspiring a slave insurrection, eventually led an unsuccessful raid on the Harpers Ferry federal armory. Facing much financial difficulty throughout his life, he was also an ardent abolitionist who worked with the Underground Railroad and the League of Gileadites, among other endeavors. John Brown was born in a Calvinist household and would go on to have a large family of his own.
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